Discovering a New Linux Machine

Essential commands to gather important information about a Linux machine:

hostname              # Display the hostname of the machine
uname -a              # Display all kernel information
uname -r              # Kernel release
uname -m              # Machine hardware name
lsb_release -a        # Display LSB information, including the distribution name and release
cat /etc/os-release   # Display the operating system name and version
cat /etc/issue        # Display the operating system name, version, and other info
lscpu                 # Display CPU information
free -h               # Display memory information
df -h                 # Display disk space information
ifconfig              # Check network configuration
ip a                  # Display IP addresses and network interfaces
netstat -tuln         # Check network connections
ps aux                # Check running processes
lsof                  # Check open files
who                   # Check logged in users
w                     # Display who is logged on and what they are doing
last                  # Check last logged in users
mount                 # Display list of mounted file systems
uptime                # Display system load and uptime
lsusb                 # List USB devices (Universal Serial Bus)
lspci                 # List PCI devices (Peripheral Component Interconnect)
lsscsi                # List SCSI devices (Small Computer System Interface)
cat /etc/passwd       # List users
systemctl list-units --type=service # List all systemd services

References

https://linuxjourney.com/